Ventricular arrhythmia and risk
Why dangerous ventricular rhythms arise in scarred and remodelled hearts, which regions of a particular heart can sustain them, and where an ablation should be aimed.
Scar and remodelling create the conditions for reentry in the ventricles. Simulation of the whole ventricle shows which regions can sustain a circuit, and whether an arrhythmia would be inducible in a particular heart. These predictions are tested against how the scar is reconstructed from the images, and scar is detected in routine CT with machine learning.
Personalised electrophysiology models are also calibrated to the 12-lead electrocardiogram and to body surface potentials recorded with electrode vests, including in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a genetic disease that carries a risk of sudden cardiac death. Fetal arrhythmias can lead to stillbirth, and a model of the human fetal ventricular myocyte gives a basis for studying them.